Developing a community of inquiry instrument: Testing a measure of the Community of Inquiry framework using a multi-institutional sample
Arbaugh, J. B. · Cleveland-Innes, Martha · Diaz, Sebastian R. · Garrison, D. Randy · Ice, Philip · Richardson, Jennifer C. · Swan, Karen P.
| Published | 2008 |
| Journal | The Internet and Higher Education Volume 11, Issue 3-4, Pages 133-136 |
| Country | United States, Canada, North America |
ABSTRACT
This article reports on the multi-institutional development and validation of an instrument that attempts to operationalize Garrison, Anderson and Archer's Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework (2000). The results of the study suggest that the instrument is a valid, reliable, and efficient measure of the dimensions of social presence and cognitive presence, thereby providing additional support for the validity of the CoI as a framework for constructing effective online learning environments. While factor analysis supported the idea of teaching presence as a construct, it also suggested that the construct consisted of two factors—one related to course design and organization and the other related to instructor behavior during the course. The article concludes with a discussion of potential implications of further refinement of the CoI measures for researchers, designers, administrators, and instructors.| Keywords | community of inquiry · cognitive presence · teaching presence · social presence |
| CoI focus | Full model |
| Population | Graduate |
| Study design | Case study |
| Data analysis | Principal components analysis |
| Instrument | CoI survey |
| Contribution | Methodological |
| Sample size | 287 |
| Study aim | "... reporting on the development and testing of an instrument to measure the CoI framework using a multi-institutional sample." |
| Finding | "The Principal Components Analysis of the data supports the construct validity of Teaching Presence, Social Presence and Cognitive Presence as measured by the CoI. However, when allowing for any possible number of factors in the analysis, eigenvalues indicate a potential fourth factor, while the scree plot yields inconclusive results." |
| Language | English |
| Refereed | Yes |
| Rights | 2008 Elsevier Inc. |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.iheduc.2008.06.003 |
| Export | BibTex · EndNote · Tagged XML · Google Scholar |
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